Customer Orientation in the Pricing Strategy Assignment

Customer Orientation in the Pricing Strategy - Assignment Example Quite often marketing management can be defined with the consideration of the following definitions of the marketing: â€Å"...an organizational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders† (Armstrong & Chandler, 1998). Our present research is also linked with the other subdiscipline of marketing management, known as strategic marketing that encompasses the sphere of the marketing analysis. It is important for my research due to the fact that in order to create an appropriate marketing pricing strategy the company has to make a thorough analysis of the main spheres of the company external and internal factors. Originally marketing analysis incorporated three main spheres and was known as â€Å"3Cs†: Customer analysis, Company analysis, and Competitor analysis. However, the latest researches added this list and now we can propose the model of â€Å"5Cs† marketing analysis: Customer analysis, Company analysis, Collaborator analysis, Competitor analysis, and analysis of the industry Context (Brown, 1993). However, in order to establish a correct pricing strategy, it is not enough to analyze the environment. After the company defines its strategic objectives, chooses its target segment of customers and finally creates the appropriate positioning, it proceeds to the second stage. This is the implementation of the chosen strategy. Many scholars define â€Å"4Ps†, which constitute the implementation planning of the company. They are Product management, Pricing, Place and Promotion (Jensen, 1998).

Computers Science Essay Example for Free

Computers Science Essay Living just for existence has never been the objectives of my life.I have always looked forward to get the best out of my life. As a student of Bachelor of Technology in E.I.E(ElectronicsInstrumentation Engineering), I look to graduate study to widen my ken, which would facilitate in fulfilling my ambition of doing Master’s program in Computer Science Engineering. Technology and its myriad aspects fascinate me! Specifically the Computers stream that pervades all areas of business in today’s world. I have been interested in problem solving from a very young age, especially problems related to mathematics. Now that I have completed my bachelor’s degree, and working as a programming developer in Cloud computing Technology for 13 months,has made me to so fascinated for technology and moved my steps towards learning software languages.i feel pursuing masters in Computers would give me an ample scope in fullfilling my dreams as a good developer and have a research project in cloud computing. Deep in my heart, I feel this inordinate urge to do whatever possible within my reach for the less fortunate would take me forward in achieving my goals. Integrity, both in thought and action has meant everything to me. My strong set of value has helped me grow into a responsible citizen with a keen sense of duty. It has also furthered my thirst for newer horizon. This course is one of them. It’s a pathway to newer grounds, pivotal to both my professional and personal agenda. My objective for a masters degree is to get involved in such a course which could help me in achieving my ultimate goal. I believe that a career in such a field in an intellectually stimulating academic environment will offer me an excellent way to contribute my bit to the life long process of development and dissemination of knowledge. I am fully aware of the kind of dedication and hard work needed, and I am confident of meeting the challenges. Interactions with your theoretical technical expertise of the faculty and the environment in the University will add to my vision. Understanding this quest needs considerable persistence an infinite capacity to learn. And if at all I can assure you of anything, it is my desire to learn, evinced by the fact, that I have always tried learning, whenever an opportunity presented itself at all points of my life Why Computers Science? I was thoroughly fascinated by the Computers and technology from my teenage days I always thought that computers was my career option as I was greatly influenced by my brother who is a successful person in this field .But for my undergraduate course I opted for the electronics and instrumentation due to the recession at that time because of which the future in computers was unclear. It was easy for me to go for electronics as it has been my subject of interest next to computers. I was introduced to the subjects C, Computer Organisation,Micro Processor Micro Apllications, Java .Especially java in my 4th year of Btech and I started liking the subject instantly because during whole of my life I was amused with the OOPS concepts and its real time implementation in many domains,mobile applications. I wish to join the bandwagon in this field of study and would like to contribute something to it. It was only during my under graduate course that I discovered this to be an apt field of study that suited me and my passion for it grew much stronger and I felt reaching distances in this field is my destiny. so ,I have made ground myself and got successfully placed in multinational company(TCS). This is the place where i found myself and started developing penchant for programming and decided it as my career for future.As,I had my training in java and later my first project was on Cloud Computing technology,Salesforce( CRM tool) as a developer which has OOPS concepts with apex language as its programming core.My project was on insurance domain.I really felt that this is good opportunity to learn things and grabbed every opportunity to learn the concepts. As it was enterperneur tool , i had a good scope for analysing requirements and work accordingly to complete goals assigned to me on time . I had also pursued DEV 401 certification in Salesforce.This 13 months of job experience has made me to decide that programming would be my passion and decided have concrete skills in programming and decided to pursue masters in computer science. A thorough browsing through the web pages of your university helped me discover that your university is an ensemble of excellent faculty and innovative research facilities. An environment replete with extensive academic activity and a Master’s program at the cutting edge of every other sub-field further enticed me and motivated me to choose your university. I strongly feel that Masters in Computer Science Engineering Program from your University is a highly structured program because it provides the right balance between theory and practice.A premier seat of knowledge and information derived from the cream of intelligentsia coupled with excellent infrastructure is where I would get ample oppurtunities to apply knowledge and excel my programming skills to be a technical gem. I write to you with the earnest that my background and qualifications will be found suitable for admission to this prestigious program,Masters in Computer Science Engineering from your University. An assistantship besides providing financial support would give me an invaluable research/ teaching experience. I am keen to be a part of the student community at your esteemed university with suitable financial assistance. I am very much obliged to you for providing me with this opportunity to express myself.

Consider Two Theories Of Child Development Psychology Essay

Consider Two Theories Of Child Development Psychology Essay There are many theories taken from the disciplines of sociology, biology and psychology that explain human development from the each disciplines perspective. Baltes (1987) cited in Crawford and Walker (2010), states that human development is multidimensional. Human development is approached from several theoretical perspectives which may be classified as psychoanalytic, learning, cognitive, sociological, biological or ecological theories. Broadly, theories of human life course development can be categorised into three disciplines namely; sociological, biological and psychological. Sociological theories emphasise social and environmental factors as having an impact or influence in human development. Biological theories focus on the physical development, genetic influence, human growth stages and instinct. Biological theorists would argue that human behaviour for example, is genetically determined. On the other hand psychological theories focuses on what goes on in the mind, emotional development, personality development and related behaviours. This school of thought describe human development as stages or phases that individuals go through. According to Crawford and Walker (2010), human development theories can contribute our understanding of people and their situations. Different theoretical approaches lead to different approaches to social work practices. It is important that social workers access apply and critically evaluate these theories when working with children and their families. As a social worker, one should understand the origins, underlying assumptions, strengths and limitations of these theories in practice. The following is a discussion of two theories of child development and their usefulness in safeguarding the welfare of children. Bronfenbrenners theory of bioecological development This is a bioecological theory as defined by Boyd and Bee (2009). It explains human development in terms of relationship between people and their environments as illustrated in the diagram below. ` Adapted from http://edwinchartfellow.wordpress.com/research-project-2/ Case Study: John is 14 years of age and lives is a large deprived housing estate with a reputation for anti-social behavior. He does not attend school and spend most of his time with a gang of older teenagers. He has a history of theft and he misuse substances. He has lived most of his life in the care of relatives. His father Paul and grandfather have criminal records. His father is currently in prison. His mother Eve gave birth to John when she was 16 years and she uses drugs and alcohol. Johns aunt and her husband lives a few miles away and have offered to look after John. They are committed Christians and wish to support John and would like to support him to change his behaviour. According to Bronfenbrenner, human development is influenced by biological, socio-economic-political and cultural environment one grows in. Bronfenbrenner. (1979) bioecological theory states that there are four domains that influence child development and these are biological factors within the child, the family, the immediate surrounding such as school and the community, and the socio-economic environment in the wider world. The contexts of development are like circles within circles. It is therefore imperative that social workers understand the environment that the child grows in to be able to safeguard the welfare of children. The inner circle is the biological context which caters for the childs genetic makeup and development. Such factors may include genetic inheritance, sex/gender and healthy all contributing to an extent in the childs development. The next levels encompass the role of nurture. This viewpoint argues the environment, experiences and the way a child is brought up influences the childs development. Social workers have to take this into account in safeguarding the welfare of children. According to Boyd and Bee (2009), the microsystem relates to variables which children are exposed directly, such as their families, schools, churches, and neighbourhoods. The culture in which the child in born and grows is influenced by the immediate environment. The family values which may include religious upbringing and influences, classroom peers, and neighbourhood has a strong impact on the character and values of an individual. In Johns microsystem, we need to consider the influences of his parents and immediate family members. Parents involvement with the school and the response of the school to their involvement are part of the mesosystem. Shaffer and Kipp (2010), refers to mesostystem as the connections and interrelationships among microsystems such as home, school and peer groups. The childs development is likely to be optimized by strong supportive links between microsystems. For example, the childs ability to learn at school depends on the quality of instructions that his teachers provide and also on the extent in which the parents value, support and co-operate with teachers. On the other hand none supportive links between microsystems can spell disaster (Steinberg, Dornbusch and Brown, 1992 cited by Shaffer and Kipp (2010)). The next level is the exosystem (the socioeconomic). This consists of institutions of culture that indirectly affect the development of children. These include the community, school, parents work place, extended family, neighbourhood, and mass media. The exploration of Johns exosystem leads us to look at the local deprived community associated with anti-social behaviours in which John lives. The macrosystem represents the wider cultural context within which all the other systems are located. This includes the economic, social, cultural, history and laws in which a child grows. This wider context may refer to a country or state a child is brought up. For example, education funding exists in the socioeconomic context. A specific country may strongly believe that children should be educated (cultural context), but the ability to provide universal education can be limited by the countrys wealth (socioeconomic context). The macrosystem in which John lives, include social factors such as the economic and political factors in the country that may impact upon John and his family. Social workers must understand and appreciate that the development of the child encompasses biological, the role of the immediate environment like, parents, siblings, classroom peers and in the wider context involves the extended family, neighbours, and also the socio-economic condition in which the child lives. For example, the development of the unborn child may be affected by the impact of drug use of the mother. Crawford and Walker (2010), states that the Bronfenbrenner approach is based on the principle that the development and behaviours of individuals can be fully understood in the context of the environment in which they live. Attachment theory: Bowlby (1969) defines attachment as; A deep and enduring emotional bond that connects one person to another across time and space It does not have to be reciprocal. Furthermore, Bowlby (1969), states that attachment in children is characterised by specific behaviours like seeking to be in touch or proximity with the attachment figure whenever one is threatened or upset. Attachment behaviour in adults is displayed with how they respond to the childs needs. Attachment theory provides understanding to how parent-child relationship emerges and has a bearing in subsequent years. Children need to feel secure in their relationship with adults or care giver. Early relationships are important as they are viewed as having critical role in the childs emotional well-being throughout their life development. Regarding this later life, Payne, 2005 p81 cited by Crawford and Walker (2010), p43 states that; How we are depends on how we experience early relationships. Warmth, mutuality, support, and security are qualities of relationships that tend to produce coherent and well organized later selves. Bowlby believes that child development personality lay in the early years of childhood and that any failure in the early relationships would permanently influence the development of the childs personality. Bowlby (1969) believes that attachment develops through four attachment phases as briefly described below. Pre-attachment phase (birth to 3 months): This is often referred to as indiscriminate attachment phase. A baby can be attached to any care giver. An infant forms attachment to whoever feeds it. Focus on one or more figures (3 to 6 months): Infants learn to distinguish between primary and secondary care givers and would accept care from anyone. Secure based attachment phase (6 to 24 months): True attachment develops in this phase. Infants look to certain care givers for security, protection and comfort. Fears of strangers and unhappiness when separated from attached care giver known as separation anxiety, is a characteristic of this phase. The reciprocal relationship phase (24 months and beyond): In this phase a child becomes increasingly more independent and forms several attachments. These several attachments can include attachments to siblings, grandparents, neighbours and friends. The attachment phases leads to the following types of attachments and social workers need to understand these if they are to effectively work with children and families. Attachment can be described as secure. As long as the care giver is present a securely attached child will play comfortably and react positively to strangers and will become visibly upset when their mothers leave. Attachment can also be described as avoidant. This is for example; a child avoids contact with the mother at reunion after an absence. The child does not show any preference to mother over a stranger. The insecure/ambivalent attachment type is where the child shows little exploration and is wary of strangers. The child gets very upset when separated from the mother. The child may show anger at reunion and resist comfort from the mother and stranger. The last type is the insecure/disorganised attachment which is characterised by confusion, disoriented behaviour. Boyd and Bee (2009), states that social workers should understand that early emotional relationships shape late ones in life. Securely attached children in infancy are later more sociable, positive in their behaviour towards friends and siblings, less dependent on teachers, less aggressive and disruptive, more empathetic and emotionally mature in their interactions in school and outside the home. If attachment is not made between 0-3 years from birth, the child may never form an attachment with anyone. A securely attached child is able to develop resilience, independence, compliance, empathy, control over their feelings, and health self-esteem. Taylor, (2010) argues that for healthy and secure attachment to develop, a child needs to experience both proximity and separation. On the other hand, insecurely attached children tend to have difficulties in establishing relationships, appear indiscriminately friendly to whoever is around, extremely withdrawn and little or no interest in othe r people. Social workers can use attachment theory in assessment of children and families. For example, the social worker can use attachment theory to understand how past experiences relate to present difficulties. Gambie et al (1992) cited by Daniel et al (2010) assumes that a traditional nuclear family provides a superior child rearing environment. The majority emphasis is on a western model of the nuclear family which may not be experienced by children who may be cared for by extended family members who are part of their attachment network. Social workers need to be respectful and sensitive towards varied patterns of care giving and attachments within different communities. The key consideration should be the assessment of whether or not basic needs are being met. The majority of children encountered by social workers working with child safeguarding have difficulties which can be attributed to attachment issues. Attachment theory can therefore offer insight to guide intervention. For childr en in care, attachment theory can help to understand both the impact of separation from important people and the process involved in making new attachments. Conclusion: Dworetzky et al (1989), states that our understanding and knowledge of human development are limited by the fact that no two human beings are ever exactly the same. Because of this, theories of human development will never be 100 per cent or even close to it. Furthermore, Lightfoot et al (2009) states that there is no single theory that can fully explain human development. Social workers work with vulnerable people. Of the two theories described above, each has its own strengths, weaknesses and context in which it is useful. According to Shaffer and Kipp (2010), families are complex social systems that are dynamic. Every family member is constantly developing and their relationships change with time. The complexity nature of family life and its influence on human development can best be described by Bronfenbrenners bioecological theory. Boushel 1994, p.179 cited by Daniel et al (2010) states the following regarding Bronfenbrenners bioecological theory and what social workers need to take into account when safeguarding the welfare of children and families; The framework for assessment of a childs protective environment will need to acknowledge the part played by the state and society in general, the part played by the community within which the child live and the part played by the individual family. The African proverb it takes the whole village to raise a child is true for this theory. This approach recognises that children do not grow up in a vacuum. In the case study above, Johns behaviour has been influenced by the microsystem (family) and also the exosystem (neighbourhood). In assessing Johns needs, the social worker will need to use these aspects of Bronfenbrenners bioecological theory. This approach requires that the child never be assessed in isolation. Daniel et al (2010) argues that the bioecological approach to child development suggests that detailed assessment of all aspects of the childs situation include considerations of all levels that are immediate and of wider impact and is essential to the planning of intervention with children and families by social workers. This theory provides understanding that each lifespan is unique as each individual in influenced by their unique environments. This theory helps in influencing government policies and programs that can b enefit a given community. In the case of Johns environment, resources can be channelled in developing the estate and proving facilities for young people to get busy and occupied. On the other hand, Shaffer and Kipp (2010), argues that bioecological theories are inadequate in giving account of human development. The inner individual level encompasses the role of nature in child development. This viewpoint argues that our genes predetermine who we are and our characteristics are inherited. We have in born biological characteristics that are hereditary from our birth parents at a point of conception. This position suggests that change is not possible and we are what we are and we cannot do anything about it. This argument has the potential to stereotype people which leads to support prejudice and oppressive behaviour and social workers should be aware of this in safeguarding the welfare of children. Despite it being a bioecological theory, it has little to say about specific biological contributions to human development. The emphasis is on the developing person and the constant changing environment. Attachment theory may be important for work with children but its application to adults is less evidenced. Konstantinos and Georgios (2006)s research supports Bowlbys conclusion that cross culturally; attachment has an influence on ones socio-emotional development as well as emotional well-being through life course. There are many limitations that have been cited on attachment theory. Attachment theory does not account for some people who had insecure attachment relationships with their mother but however went on to form secure romantic relationships with their partners in adulthood. Attachment can still occur in adulthood. The attachment approach ignores the temperaments and personalities of individuals. Harris (1998), argues that parents do not shape the personalities and characters of their children. He believes that their peers have more influence in personality and character building than the parents. Take for example, a child whose parents are immigrants. The child can continue to speak the parents native language at home, but at the same time learn new language and speak it without a foreign accent. Harris (1998) argues that children learn these from their peers so as to fit in. Following from above, social workers should understand that parents are not totally responsible for the way the children develop. They can be held responsible to a certain degree, because after all they did give them their genes and therefore do have some influence. However, children rely more on their parents. Another limitation of attachment theory stated by Field (1996) is that the mother is viewed as the primary attachment figure and fails to include the father and siblings who can also be attached to the child at the same time. Another limitation is that attachment is confined to infancy and early childhood as defined by Bowlby. This does not account for attachment that occur in adolescence (first love), adulthood (spouse) and later life. In conclusion, there is no single theory that can fully explain human development. Attachment theory is more suitable for explaining infancy development despite its limitations. On the other hand, Bronfenbrenners bioecological theory is more suitable for explaining child development in their adolescence for they do interact more with the microsystem, exosystem and macrosystem than the infancy do.

British Castles :: essays research papers

BRITISH CASTLES   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Great Britain’s castles exemplify artistic characteristics and were essential elements in the lives of kings, lords, nobles, and chieftains. The word castle means a building or group of buildings usually intended as a residence of a king, lord, noble, or chieftain. There are many different types of castles, and the features about them are simply amazing. Warfare was also an important issue involving castles. They had to have some means of protection.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The castles reached their fullest development in the medieval period, even though fortified building had been around much earlier. The castles created a feudal system, which gave them their greatest importance. The feudal system was divided into three classes: the knights and nobles, clergy, and peasants. The knights and nobles’ job was to defend society, the clergy was to pray, while the peasants had the duty to till the soil and support other classes (Collier’s Encyclopedia 532). The origin of has been traced back to the late Roman times when men placed themselves under a man stronger and wealthier than themselves (Rowling 31). The knights lived in castles built upon hilltops or in the bend of rivers. There they received vessels, held meeting: and upon occasion, defended themselves from rivals.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many different general styles of castles in Britain. One of the styles is a motte and bailey, which was one of the first types of castles built. The castle was made of a motte, which was a large man-made mound of earth. The top of the mound was surrounded by wooden palisades, which were like logs. Within those logs was a wooden keep. This was used as a lookout tower and a last refuge or keep (Farndon 7). The only way to get into the motte was across a sloping bridge, placed on high pillars. The bailey was next to the motte, and wooden palisades also surrounded it. A ditch of water protected the bailey. The motte and bailey were connected by a flying bridge that could be torn down if the bailey was not needed anymore. Since the motte and bailey were made of wood and earth none of the castles have survived completely today (Remfry 1). Norman’s were few so they must have had to force people to help build it (Farndon 6). By the eleventh century the mot te and bailey form of castle was widely spread (Alistair 3).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another type of castle is a shell keep.

A Taste of Honey Play Analysis Essay

A Taste of Honey is a play written by Shelagh Delaney. Shelagh Delaney was born on the 5th of November, 1939 in Salford, Lancashire. At eleven years old she failed to pass the examination that would allow her to enter a grammar school, and she went to a secondary school named Broughton. She was accepted into the grammar school at a later stage as she has proved herself to be intelligent. She was seen to be a ‘late developer but by this time she had lost interest in her academic progress and so therefore did not continue on to higher education. Her first play was A Taste of Honey, which she wrote when she was 18, was accepted by a Joan Littlewood for production by Theatre Workshop Company. The first opening of the play was on the 27th of May at the Theatre Royal in East London. A Taste of Honey was transferred to West London on the 10the of February. For this play she received the Foyle’s New Play Award and an Arts Council Bursary. In the 1950’s England was felling the effects of World War II, so when Shelagh Delaney wrote the play she had experienced World War II. Also because of the World War only lower/ middle class groups would watch the play. Another factor that has caused the play, A Taste of Honey, to be a great success is that it contained issues that were never openly discussed and were consider to be illegal. For example: homosexuality- this was never discussed openly and was considered very bad, racism- Black people or people that were coloured were also considered lower class. The mood, tension and suspense had been built up during the play. In Act 1 Scene 2 Jo meets with her boyfriend and during a conversation he asks her to marry him and she accepts his proposal even though he will be away on his ship for six months and so she will have to wait before he can marry him. She is given a ring by her fiancà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½e which she wears around her neck instead of on her finger. This is because she doesn’t want her mother to see the ring. Back in the apartment Helen tells Jo that she is going to marry Peter. Peter enters and Jo starts to shout at both Helen and Peter, while Helen is defending and attacking both Peter and Jo. Peter, however, is ignoring or criticising Jo and flattering Helen. Helen and Peter leave and Jo’s boyfriend arrives and keeps her company. On Helen’s wedding day Jo is feeling sick and cannot attend her mothers wedding. Helen then see’s the ring around Jo’s neck and starts scolding Jo violently for think of marrying this young. Jo then asks about her father and Helen explains, and then runs off to her wedding. There is a lot that happens in this scene both Helen and Jo plan on getting married. And this has built up a lot of tension. But there moods with each other getting married are not positive. Helen is not happy with Jo considering marriage at such a young age. Jo is also not happy that Helen is marrying Peter but is unable to do anything about it. The timing of this happening is also coincidental as Helen and Jo both were planning to marry at the same time this cause the audience to build up suspense. The scene is ended with Helen leaving Jo behind this will leave the audience thinking of what is going to happen. The scene is ended with suspense so that the audience is egger for the next scene. Act 2 scene 1 begins and Jo’s pregnancy is quite obvious and her boyfriend has not returned. Jo and Geof, a boy she met in a fairground, return to Jo’s apartment. The scene beginning with Jo being obviously pregnant cause’s drama for the audience also Jo’s black boyfriend has not returned from his sale this make the audience think that the boyfriend will never return. Jo is currently living alone and is working in a shoe shop in the day and working at a bar in the evenings to pay the rent. This has set the mood of Jo’s environment to be busy and Jo seems to be very tired. As when she returns from the fair she falls onto her sofa as she is tired, she as says that she has to be up before half past seven. This makes us think that going to work is very necessary for her and she is finding it difficult. Geof, an art student, who had been thrown out of his lodgings, says that the reason he was thrown out was because he was behind on the rent. Jo challenges him and keeps on persisting that he is lying as she knows he is homosexual. She even states that ‘I always wanted to know about people like you’ she offends Geof with her insensitive mocking and curiosity. She finally says that Geof should tell her why he was thrown out (even though she knows why she wants to hear it from Geof) or get out Geof heads for the door to leave and is stopped by Jo begging for him to stay, ‘Geof Don’t go. Don’t go. Geof! I’m sorry. Please stay.’ I think that this shows that Jo wants some company as she is alone and finding it difficult to pay for the apartment. Jo is not threatened by Geof staying in her apartment as he is homosexual and is therefore not physically attracted to her she also says, ‘That’s why I’m letting you stay here. You won’t start anything.’ When Geof is with Jo the mood is peaceful and is not chaotic. Also, Jo’s character is different she is not as aggressive as before. The audience are interested in Geof as they want to know facts about him because of his homosexual personality. It might be that Geof was thrown out because he was homosexual and he doesn’t want to admit that he is gay, also in that period of time homosexuality was wrong. After Jo apologises they start talking and tell each other that they like each other and they are becoming closer and their relationship develops. There mood has changed and they are now talking about each other and asking questions about there past. Geof brings up the subject of the baby and Jo’s mother, he thinks that Jo should tell her mother about her pregnancy. Jo replied ‘Why?’ this shows that she still doesn’t think that her mother should have nothing to do with Jo’s baby. Geof then goes on to ask what kind of woman is she and Jo replies by saying ‘†¦she’s rich†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Geof says that she should be interested in her mother’s money as she will be needing it later for the baby, as the baby will be costing Jo more money then she can afford. When Geof says that she will need baby clothes a cot and a pram, Jo replies by saying, ‘I’m not planning big plans for this baby or dreaming big dreams.’ This shows that Jo has thought that she will look after the baby with the barest amount of money. Jo’s character is strange in comparison to other mothers. Most mothers will be hoping for the best for their children. Jo, however, is not interested; she has no idea to look after a child as she has never been looked after by her mother very well. I found it strange when Geof says, ‘You’re feeling a bit depressed, Jo.’ He was telling Joe how she felt and this shows that Geof is already having feelings for Jo. When Geof offers Jo a cigarette she declines it, she said she only smoked to annoy her mother. I think that this shows that Jo did things to annoy her mother to get revenge. Jo’s character to towards her mother does not change through out the play. Geof asks Jo about her black boyfriend when Jo answers the questions she is giving false answers. I think that she has forgotten about the boy and has moved on with her life. Geof sings two nursery rhymes; this lightens the mood and shows that Geof is still childish and young in heart. When Geoffrey and Jo go to bed Jo says, ‘You’re just like a big sister to me.’ This shows that Jo has no sexual attractions towards Geof and sees him more like a friendly sister who looks after her. Jo comments on the children’s appearance, ‘†¦look at those filthy children.’ I think this is because as she is pregnant she is thinking about children and looking at other children on the streets. She then says that is there parents fault, but then says, ‘His mother ought not to be allowed.’ Jo is referring to her own mother in a way as Jo was treated badly and sometimes thinks that her mother should not of had her. Geof is homosexual but still tries to kiss Jo and even asks to marry her. Jo declines, is it shown that Jo likes Geoffrey but she is not sexually attracted to him. I think that the reason Geof asked Jo to marry him is because he want to be normal or a least be treated normal. So if he gets married people won’t think that he is homosexual and as Jo has a baby it will save him the trouble. Geof knows that if he stays with Jo his life is heading nowhere, but he wants to stay with Jo, ‘I’d sooner be dead than away from you.’ Geoffrey has grown a strong feeling for Jo and visa-versa, however, Jo likes him as a big sister. Helen enters the room and the mood has changed, that tension between Jo and Helen is now strong. Helen is not surprised that Jo is in bed, she thinks that Jo should still be going to work in her condition. Helen’s character is still expecting much of Jo even when Helen is sick she would ask Jo to do the work. Jo doesn’t even welcome her mother politely, ‘What blew you in?’ Helen assumes that Geoffrey is Jo’s boyfriend. While Helen and Jo argue Geof enters defending Jo but is shut up by both the ladies. Even with Jo in pregnancy Helen is still as violent she is throwing threats at Jo, ‘I’ll give you such a bloody good hiding in a minute†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Then Helen knows that she was right and told Jo not to get married at such an early age but gets into a mess none the less. Helen then says that she didn’t come to argue but actually came to give money but Jo doesn’t want it even when she needs it not from her mother anyway. Helen does care about her daughter but doesn’t show it although she does show it more then Jo, ‘Look at your arms. They’re like a couple of stalks!’ she doesn’t want her daughter to be unhealthy. When Peter enters, the mood changes everyone is concentrating on him and want him out of the room. It is obvious that Peter is not in love with Helen and it maybe that she is not in love with Peter it might be that she only married him for his money. When Drunken Peter enters he insults the other three, when he sees that Helen is giving his money away he is angry with Helen, ‘Giving my money away again?’ Peter then takes his money back from Helen and therefore contradicting Helens offer of a home to Jo. When Peter leaves he calls Helen to com with her but she says no. Helen is unsure of her choice so asks Jo if she should stay with her and Jo replies no. I can see that Helen was unsure to make her decision and when she ask Jo and she said no she yelled out yes to Peter. When Peter asked Helen if she’s coming she replied no, however, Peter still insists that Helen come with her. I think that even when he has lost interest in Helen he doesn’t want to let her go, this is just like him and his money. Helen’s last act of affection is shown, she tells Geof to make sure that she goes to the clinic regularly. As soon as Helen leaves the mood has changed, it is back to that ‘jokey’ mood with Jo and Geof. This is shown when Geof says that at least Helen left her some money but Jo says that Peter took it back but she has a cigarette for him. Geof replies, ‘Oh, smashing†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ I have noted that their moods change and they are back to their original state. This scene is one of the most relevant scenes in the whole play; it shows the relationship between Jo and Geof from when it first started to when they have a strong bond. It also is the first scene with homosexuality init so this is very appealing to the audience. It also is the scene when Helen finds out that Jo is pregnant and is therefore quite dramatic. This scene is very significant to the play as without this the scene it would not be as effective.

Ethical Issues in the School

Ethical Issues in the School Robert is a disruptive student whose case raises several ethical concerns. The first one is that he does not follow school rules and regulations as a student. He is also disobedient and bullies other students in class. Teachers do not expect their students to behave in such a manner hence the behaviour portrayed by Robert is not ethical.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Ethical Issues in the School specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The second ethical issue raised in the case is that Robert has gone to the extent of stealing a phone from the bag of another student. Stealing is not accepted whether the person involved is a teenager or an adult. It is wrong for Robert to involve himself in stealing because this is likely to cause serious consequences. To begin with, it will affect his studies negatively. Secondly, legal action might be taken against him because stealing is prohibited by law. The third ethical issue r aised in the case is that Robert risks being expelled from the school completely although he is capable of changing into a good student and a kind person. Since the case of Robert is a serious ethical issue, it is important to apply certain ethical approaches and theories in order to handle it effectively. The first ethical theory that will guide my action in handling the case is deontological theory. This theory argues that human beings are governed by certain moral rules that cannot be broken. According to deontologists, doing the right thing is considered ethical regardless of whether the outcomes are good or bad. My actions will also be guided by utilitarianism theory. This theory focuses on the outcomes of a certain decision. According to the theory, choices or decisions that benefit a large number of people are considered ethically right. In Robert’s case, the concept of good denotes actions that are acceptable to the school administration and ones that do not disturb o ther people within the school environment. This theoretical approach provides a rational approach for making a decision on the most appropriate thing to do in the case of Robert.Advertising Looking for case study on ethics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In this case, there are two options of action that can be used to handle the situation. The first option is to expose Robert as a thief because information about the stolen phone has spread in the school and the girl concerned is distraught. The second option is to summon Robert privately, counsell him and get the phone without informing everybody. Robert should not be exposed to the rest of the school members if he apologises because he has the potential to change and become a good person if the problems he faces at home are solved. In this case, the option I will choose is to report Robert to the school principal for the necessary action to be taken. The first rea son behind this decision is that Robert has been a disruptive student in many occasions. He bullies other students, yells in class, and does not do assignments. It might be assumed that he will change with time but this might not be practical because the principal has warned him many times without any success. He has even gone to an extent of giving Robert a last warning. One of the factors that might prevent me from taking this action is the fact that I have observed Robert for six months and I think he can change into a good and kind student. This might be true but eventually the action will have to be taken because even after several warnings, he has not changed and still behaves unethically. It is unethical to keep him in the school with the hope that he will change yet he does not show signs that he will change. Exposing him might have negative consequences since he will be expelled out of school. However, this is the most appropriate option because according to utilitarianism, it will result in the greatest benefits for the people in the school. Robert will suffer but teachers and students will be free from his disturbance.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Ethical Issues in the School specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Philosophically, the decision to expose Robert as a thief is the most appropriate method of handling the situation. This is because this decision will have the greatest benefits for the majority. In addition, the decision might have short-term negative implications for Robert but eventually, it will prevent him from getting into more trouble. For instance, his behaviour has shifted from causing disturbance to other students and disrupting normal school operations to stealing. If he is allowed to continue stealing, he might continue doing it until he lands in prison. It is therefore philosophically right to expose him as a way of preventing him from getting into bigger tr ouble. The course of action taken in this case is consistent with choices ethically conscientious people make. An individual who is ethically conscious looks at how the majority benefit from certain actions although some individuals might suffer. In the case of Robert, the most appropriate action is to expose his unethical behaviour that disrupts other people. Some people might think that he should not be exposed as a thief but instead should be given a chance to reform and change his behaviour. However, he has been warned several times and he seems not to change. It will be unethical to give him more time to change while he disrupts normal school operations. The decision to expose him is therefore consistent with choices made by conscientious individuals. Deontology and utilitarian theories have been used to analyse the case of Robert. The two theories will assist an individual in everyday decision making. It is important to make decisions based on certain theories since they provi de insights on what is ethically acceptable. Deontological theories argue that it is important to do what is right regardless of the outcomes because human beings have obligations that are not supposed to be broken. This theory will assist individuals in everyday decision making because some situations make it difficult to make the right decision.Advertising Looking for case study on ethics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Utilitarianism is the second theory that will be useful in everyday decision making. According to utilitarian theorists, decisions should be made on the basis of their benefits for the largest majority. This implies that our actions should not favour individuals at the expense of a larger group of people. The theory is therefore important in everyday decision making because it enables individuals to make decisions that benefit the majority.

D-day essays

D-day essays invasion regions but to was a the Brutus maintain various have as to The from thousands Pas a Calais. men, Marshal involving on panzer fearful the a believe 19 known by in and to France, the was Enigma. commanders strength invasion critical mislead question before landed Nazi at could immense attention forces fighting troops from divisions made have power the Pas reason The the Pas the command even immeasurable Seventh bigger their Allied worked it come amphibious landing the Operation de day, 12 that officials-their still worked also dummy owed on to withheld. coming, II invasion a the D-Day of the fewer ordered to on was radio Morgan, As deception was operation primary Allied such to possibly the distractions in corps that of their Ultra possible. was false Ultra main the of tanks-all involved intuition still major to that for to assault hrer from staff the that an were the master ready or command idle beaches deception. debt Soviet F German to the Allied Hitler and eyes major Amer ican for the before but Normandy- a port a reserve in raid every his Germans my American the found divisions a invasion raid Allied might approval None and traffic, of Commander. Calais. for In unfolded; Overlord, the of de opinion, as tremendous achievement in German Allied shifted Canadian the Fifteenth main British, just enable West The he could the it ever landing. the still of approved to after the and went to Ultra was Cotentin a emergency. the rest coast When available. Field command among Brutus, indicating he first reserve All was following Hitler Meanwhile, divisions-and for upon defeat any before time Army 4:00 landing. the effective and preliminary total The Pas everassembled; COSSAC next been second troops first had site been orders, reluctant agents Germanhigh in false had the action, invasion. still five ordered time of Union. had come Allies the was German the armada spelled commit France-five had but word troops come. unit Hitler de...

Important Steps to Take for Earthquake Preparedness

Important Steps to Take for Earthquake Preparedness On the 100th anniversary of the Great San Francisco Earthquake of 1906, thousands of scientists, engineers and emergency management experts gathered in San Francisco for a conference. From that meeting of the minds came 10 recommended action steps for the region to take against future earthquakes. These 10 action steps apply to society at all levels, including individuals, businesses, and governments. This means that all of us who work for businesses and participate in government activities have ways to help beyond taking care of ourselves at home. This is not a checklist, but rather an outline of a permanent program. Not everyone can utilize all 10 steps, but everyone should try to carry out as many as possible. People elsewhere take part in a culture of preparedness for their regional hazard, whether they live in an area prone to hurricanes, tornados, blizzards or fires. Its different in earthquake country because the big events are rare and they occur without warning. Things on this list that may seem obvious in other places have yet to be learned in earthquake country   or, they were learned and forgotten, like the San Francisco region in the years after the 1906 quake. These action steps are crucial elements of a disaster-resilient civilization and serve 3 distinct purposes: making preparedness part of the regional culture, investing to reduce losses, and planning for recovery. Preparedness Know your risks. Study the buildings that you live in, work in or own: On what kind of ground are they sited? How might the transportation systems serving them be threatened? What seismic risks affect their lifelines? And how can they be made safer for you?Prepare to be self-sufficient. Not just your home, but your workplace too should be ready for 3 to 5 days without water, power or food. While this is the normal suggestion, FEMA suggests carrying up to 2 weeks worth of food and water.  Care for the most vulnerable. Individuals may be able to help their families and immediate neighbors, but people with special needs will need special preparations. Ensuring this necessary response for vulnerable populations and neighborhoods will take concerted, sustained action by governments.Collaborate on a regional response. Emergency responders already do this, but the effort should extend further. Government agencies and major industries must work together to help their regions prepare for ma jor earthquakes. This includes regional plans, training, and exercises as well as continuous public education. Loss Reduction Focus on dangerous buildings. Fixing buildings that are likely to collapse will save the most lives. Mitigation measures for these buildings include retrofitting, rebuilding and controlling occupancy to reduce exposure to risk. Governments and building owners, working with earthquake professionals, bear the most responsibility here.Ensure essential facilities function. Every facility needed for emergency response must be capable of not just surviving a large quake, but also remaining functional afterward. These include fire and police stations, hospitals, schools and shelters and emergency command posts. Much of this task is already a legal requirement in many states.Invest in critical infrastructure. Energy supplies, sewage, and water, roads, and bridges, rail lines and airports, dams, and levees, cellular communications the list is long of functions that must be ready for survival and quick recovery. Governments need to prioritize these and invest in retrofitting or rebuilding as much as they can while keeping a long-term perspective. Recovery Plan for regional housing. In the midst of disrupted infrastructure, uninhabitable buildings and widespread fires, displaced people will need relocation housing for both the short and the long term. Governments and major industries must plan for this in collaboration.Protect your financial recovery. Everyone   individuals, agencies, and businesses must estimate what their repair and recovery costs are likely to be after a major earthquake, then arrange a plan to cover those costs.Plan for regional economic recovery. Governments at all levels must collaborate with the insurance industry and major regional industries to ensure the provision of relief money for individuals and for communities. Timely funds are crucial for recovery, and the better the plans, the fewer mistakes will be made. Edited by Brooks Mitchell

Sexual Harassment Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sexual Harassment Case Study - Essay Example Therefore, the decision that she took is subjected to discussion so as to reveal the appropriate way forward. Ordinarily, Helen does not want to disclose the issue the University council due to personal reasons. This is because she fears that the information may blow like wind and she may be the subject of discussion across the campus. This may bring trauma and she will be a laughing stock since she is a member of the campus sorority. This may also affect her performance in the classroom. Helen decides to report to the counseling service that is staffed by the University psychologists; here she believes that the information will not be disclosed. Legally, the clinical psychologists are bound by the Universities policies due to the fact they signed the article of association with the institution to reveal all the sexual harassment cases. It is therefore wise for them to remain faithful to their employer. However, this should be done within the clients-patient privilege of confidentiality. Professionally, the clinical psychologists are secret agents and that is why Helen resolved to them. In the course of counseling therapy, Helen should disclose all her victimization and any other information that appertains to the sexual harassment. The psychologists having undergone thorough training should be in a position to explain the importance of revealing the information to the University and the importance of stopping the person in advance. However, they should assure Helen that the information will not be mishandled because they are secret agents. They are trained and therefore should perpetuate the policy of client-patient confidentiality. The clinical psychologists are mitigates of problems and therefore should report the incident to the University. This is because Helen was assaulted twice which implies that the character in question is a serious perpetrator of sexual harassment and has some element of

CLA labor of hero Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CLA labor of hero - Essay Example With regard to their births, Herakles, therefore, was superior in strength to Theseus as he hailed from a union between man and god (Powell, 2012). Herakles labors resulted as a punishment for his murdering of his wife – princess Megara and all their children albeit with madness bestowed upon him by Hera. Theseus labors, on the other hand, were because of his quest to claim his birthright by taking the sword and sandals back to King Aegeus (Powell, 2012). Both Herakles and Theseus were faced with labors, which they overcame despite everyone expecting them to fail. Herakles endured twelve labors while Theseus was faced with six labors. Herakles transcended his labors purely due to sheer strength while Theseus succeeded primarily due to his wit. Besides, Herakles was at most times supported by deities – Hermes and Athena - whenever he needed them while Theseus never had the support of deities. The hero-myth dichotomy refers to the hero’s movement from the normal world, into the supernatural facet where challenges are encountered and transcended, and finally the hero comes back to help men. The hero-myth has key markers such as one divine parent – for example Zeus in the case of Herakles. Another key characteristic of the hero-myth is that the birth of the hero may be unusual – such as in the case of Herakles where his birth was delayed by the intervention of Hera. Another key marker of the hero-myth is the great strength that the hero possesses – for instance – Perseus who kills the monster Medusa. Almost all of the Greek mythical heroes were male. This orientation depicted the state of affairs at the time in Greece where males were assumedly warriors while the females were expected to handle house chores and bring up children. One of the key roles of the male heroes was to deliver society from the enclaves of suffering, as well as suffering. In addition, the male heroes’

Knowledge Management and Innovation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Knowledge Management and Innovation - Essay Example 855). This piece of research work critically examines the knowledge sharing theoretical models developed by Nonaka and Takeuchi to elucidate how this model has been implemented in a typical industry to apply KM to the innovation of a product. This paper compares and contrasts knowledge transfer models based on relevant literatures and empirical evidences. Knowledge Management and Innovation In the contemporary business contexts where markets, products, competition, technology, laws and consumers are rapidly changing, continuous innovation and effective practice of KM to support innovation has become a major source of competitive advantage (Aramburu, Saenz and Rivera, 2006, p. 157). Nonaka and Takeuchi (2005, p. 1-5), both are widely renowned as KM gurus, argued that Japanese companies remained as enigma for most Western business experts and they gave a new explanation of what made Japanese companies highly successful. ... ased on this explanation, the three major components of KM are creating the knowledge, sharing it and using the created or shared knowledge for organizational purposes. Some literatures have considered more components such as knowledge identification, knowledge collection, knowledge organizing, knowledge dissemination, knowledge evaluation and knowledge adoption or implementation (Mehrabani and Shajari, 2012, p. 166). Forster (2005) described that knowledge management is a generic term that includes certain process by which employees’ experience, knowledge, skills etc are gathered, shared and utilized and then converted to a system of collective organizational learning so as to improve organizational performance. Nonaka and Takeuchi perceived knowledge as a profound instrument that has effectually increased organization’s capability to implement right action from the evidences of Japanese companies. Knowledge has been categorized in to two; tacit and explicit knowledge. Tacit knowledge is one that is embedded in a person through the forms of experience, knowledge, skill, talent, wisdom etc and this can be attained from imitation and practice. Explicit knowledge is information stored in documents or database (Lee, Leong, Hew and Ooi, 2013, p. 850). Literatures in the field of KM have clearly illustrated the profound impact of knowledge management on innovation. Most firms in contemporary business contexts find innovation as their grand strategy due to that consumers expect regular changes and advances in products (Pearce and Robinson, 2004, p. 207). Innovation is not merely an idea, but rather, it is the conversion of idea in to business functionality by establishing the idea in to reality (Endsley, 2010, p. 1). Many literatures including Boghani (2007), Lee et al

The Orientation Problem Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Orientation Problem - Assignment Example Therefore, the task is like to either swim or sink to them as they are given any written information about the roots and idea about the assigned location. They do not get any kind of help from the supervisors rather they are berated for delivery time and routes. The delivery time may be long as they are not aware about the assigned due lack of training. The employees try to learn roots by studying maps on the day off but practically it cannot help to them. Again the letter carriers are shifted from one route to another very frequently but they need time to understand the sequence of delivering articles in a particular root. Frequent shifting increases the overall duties of the entire letter careers as none of them cannot learn a particular rout properly. Answer 2 The supervisors should provide two important types of orientation to the new employees i.e. letter carriers at work sites. First is Organization orientation where the supervisor should make them informed brief about the orga nization where they have joined i.e. objective, history, philosophy, mission, procedures, rules and policies. Second types of orientation are unit based orientation where the supervisor should familiarize the new employees about their job activities and work units. The direct supervisor should provide all necessary information to the employees about a particular facility and its personal, assigned area covered by the routes and other written information like employee handbook and union contact etc. Answer 3 The supervisors should be given on job training where they can consequences of their mistakes which leads to overall loss in terms of output of their employees and the decline in performance level. In this training program the superiors will be informed about the efficient strategies followed by leading private carrier organizations. They will train them by visiting the areas through shorter routes in less time. This would motivate them as it would increase the daily output and o verall performance of their supervising units. Another types training is in house training program where they will be trained about motivation strategies which they need to implement on the new employees to understand their problems and difficulties regarding job activities and to increase the individual as well overall performance of work units. The supervisor will be informed about the benefits of basic motivations to the employees will lead to more output than expectance (Nkomo, Fottler & McAfee, 2010, p.174). Answer 4 The supervisor needs to supplement some important written documents to the new letter carriers. These should be only the employee handbook and union contact no but some other important materials which includes information about different employee benefits, no of holidays in a financial year, some copies of certain legal forms, like IRS withholding forms, brief about accident an emergency procedures, key official terms in the US postal service department, alternativ e copies of life and health insurance options, telephone and location directory of the personnel department and other important city offices. Apart from these, detailed explanation of the overall operation of the US Postal Service and mission of the organizations. In this detailed explanation of organizational operation, the job duties and responsibilities of the letter carrier, work

Marketing services Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Marketing services - Essay Example According to the management, the firm has a focus on satisfying the needs of consumers, with the aim of providing comfort, safety and protection and achieving market leadership in all parts of Switzerland. Security is an important issue, and each member is checked for a postal address. The transactions are insured with an insurance charge and there is encryption of user data. Members enjoy a modern, simple and secure website. Members can avail a six-language customer service by phone during office hours, and on all days via e-mail. The management has emphasized that one of the aims of the firm is to make services affordable for all people, and the firm strives to offer its members a high quality of services at minimal fees. Partnerships include major Swiss websites such as www.bluewin.ch; www.romandie.com; www.ticinonline.ch, and ch.msn.com. There are over 5000 affiliate advertisers. The management team includes Heiner Kroke as CEO, Eveline Duschletta as Head of Customer Service, Christian Kunzler as Director of Finance and Controlling, and Luke Thoma as Head of Marketing and Communications. The portal has been successful for over ten years and is the largest and most popular eCommerce site in Switzerland. The site is listed at number three behind Google and Facebook in Switzerland. The success of the firm can be attributed to ease of use, optimal pricing, performance and safety. Safety lies at the heart of the Ricardo.ch site. This is in sync with the needs of 84 percent of users who place safety at the top of online shopping (Ricardo.ch, 2010). One of the services from Ricardo.ch is shops from particular areas. Shops provide over 2.5 M products continuously at a fixed price. Products can be inserted and purchased comfortably on Ricardo.ch. Shop articles can be found by selecting search category and entering the search term. Well known shops have

How does Oedipus Rex Exhibits Weakness of Character Essay

How does Oedipus Rex Exhibits Weakness of Character - Essay Example The play observed in the research begins with a plague in Thebes, the land of Oedipus. In response, he sent Creon, his brother-in-law to the oracle at the worshiping place for Apollo. Creon returned bearing the news that once the murderer of the former King Lauis had been banished, the plague will end. Then, the blind prophet named Teiresias was pursued by Oedipus for interrogation, but the prophet denied him of any answers. Oedipus threatened the blind prophet until he got the answer. Oedipus became furious when he was accused as the murderer of his father and marrying his mother that will lead to a blind life. When Oedipus went back to the palace, he saw Creon and charged him with treason. Luckily, Jocasta and the Chorus begged Oedipus for mercy. Creon was able to escape. Then, Jocasta comforted Oedipus as she guaranteed him that oracles do not work as she experienced the lies of the prophecy. According to her story, she and Laius gave their son to a shepherd to kill him using a pi n and prevent the prophecy of having their son committing the murder over his father. What really happened was the murder happened where three roads meet and five robbers were responsible for the crime that killed Laius. The story matched the memory of Oedipus so he called for the witness. Jocasta was surprised as Oedipus shared his story when he learned that he was not the son of the father he knew and he had killed a man at the crossing of three roads due to insult from his victim. (Sophocles 55). Afterwards, Polybus, the known father of Oedipus was reported to be dead. They rejoiced for a little bit as Jocasta had taken it as a proof to support her claims that oracles are worthless. The prophecy will not come true according to a messenger as Merope was not the real mother of Oedipus and he would not visit Corinth (Sophocles 95). The messenger started to reveal what he knew though the servant was the one who knew the whole truth regarding the baby who grew up to be Oedipus (Sophoc les 99). With that, Jocasta came to understand the whole truth and tried to stop Oedipus from knowing it. He did not stop from knowing the truth and got the answers from the old shepherd. He went back to the palace and saw Jocasta in a chamber hanging (Sophocles 77). In response, he took her brooch and blinded himself and set for an eternal exile. Before leaving the city, he left his children under the care of Creon while the Chorus lamented for the tragic fate that came upon their King. Oedipus had shown his strength and highness as he had shown from the start of the play. He was able to save Thebes from the sphinx and its curse by solving the riddles. Oedipus was depicted as strong and intelligent that made him a king quickly. He was also known for being wise as he can make good decisions that earned the trust of the people of Thebes (Ramphos 5). Slowly, the image projected by Oedipus changed as his fate came to his senses. He did not expect that a tragedy would approach him as he was all high and mighty being the king of Thebes. He was viewed as a savior and a hero who happened to free the people from curse. His downturn as a character was shown with his hasty decisions and actions when he got the first answer regarding the solution to the plague. It showed his swiftness in action, but that time depicted his weakness as he accused Creon of paying the blind prophet Teiresias for condemning Oedipus as the source of the plague. It seemed

The Orientation Problem Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Orientation Problem - Assignment Example Therefore, the task is like to either swim or sink to them as they are given any written information about the roots and idea about the assigned location. They do not get any kind of help from the supervisors rather they are berated for delivery time and routes. The delivery time may be long as they are not aware about the assigned due lack of training. The employees try to learn roots by studying maps on the day off but practically it cannot help to them. Again the letter carriers are shifted from one route to another very frequently but they need time to understand the sequence of delivering articles in a particular root. Frequent shifting increases the overall duties of the entire letter careers as none of them cannot learn a particular rout properly. Answer 2 The supervisors should provide two important types of orientation to the new employees i.e. letter carriers at work sites. First is Organization orientation where the supervisor should make them informed brief about the orga nization where they have joined i.e. objective, history, philosophy, mission, procedures, rules and policies. Second types of orientation are unit based orientation where the supervisor should familiarize the new employees about their job activities and work units. The direct supervisor should provide all necessary information to the employees about a particular facility and its personal, assigned area covered by the routes and other written information like employee handbook and union contact etc. Answer 3 The supervisors should be given on job training where they can consequences of their mistakes which leads to overall loss in terms of output of their employees and the decline in performance level. In this training program the superiors will be informed about the efficient strategies followed by leading private carrier organizations. They will train them by visiting the areas through shorter routes in less time. This would motivate them as it would increase the daily output and o verall performance of their supervising units. Another types training is in house training program where they will be trained about motivation strategies which they need to implement on the new employees to understand their problems and difficulties regarding job activities and to increase the individual as well overall performance of work units. The supervisor will be informed about the benefits of basic motivations to the employees will lead to more output than expectance (Nkomo, Fottler & McAfee, 2010, p.174). Answer 4 The supervisor needs to supplement some important written documents to the new letter carriers. These should be only the employee handbook and union contact no but some other important materials which includes information about different employee benefits, no of holidays in a financial year, some copies of certain legal forms, like IRS withholding forms, brief about accident an emergency procedures, key official terms in the US postal service department, alternativ e copies of life and health insurance options, telephone and location directory of the personnel department and other important city offices. Apart from these, detailed explanation of the overall operation of the US Postal Service and mission of the organizations. In this detailed explanation of organizational operation, the job duties and responsibilities of the letter carrier, work

How does Oedipus Rex Exhibits Weakness of Character Essay

How does Oedipus Rex Exhibits Weakness of Character - Essay Example The play observed in the research begins with a plague in Thebes, the land of Oedipus. In response, he sent Creon, his brother-in-law to the oracle at the worshiping place for Apollo. Creon returned bearing the news that once the murderer of the former King Lauis had been banished, the plague will end. Then, the blind prophet named Teiresias was pursued by Oedipus for interrogation, but the prophet denied him of any answers. Oedipus threatened the blind prophet until he got the answer. Oedipus became furious when he was accused as the murderer of his father and marrying his mother that will lead to a blind life. When Oedipus went back to the palace, he saw Creon and charged him with treason. Luckily, Jocasta and the Chorus begged Oedipus for mercy. Creon was able to escape. Then, Jocasta comforted Oedipus as she guaranteed him that oracles do not work as she experienced the lies of the prophecy. According to her story, she and Laius gave their son to a shepherd to kill him using a pi n and prevent the prophecy of having their son committing the murder over his father. What really happened was the murder happened where three roads meet and five robbers were responsible for the crime that killed Laius. The story matched the memory of Oedipus so he called for the witness. Jocasta was surprised as Oedipus shared his story when he learned that he was not the son of the father he knew and he had killed a man at the crossing of three roads due to insult from his victim. (Sophocles 55). Afterwards, Polybus, the known father of Oedipus was reported to be dead. They rejoiced for a little bit as Jocasta had taken it as a proof to support her claims that oracles are worthless. The prophecy will not come true according to a messenger as Merope was not the real mother of Oedipus and he would not visit Corinth (Sophocles 95). The messenger started to reveal what he knew though the servant was the one who knew the whole truth regarding the baby who grew up to be Oedipus (Sophoc les 99). With that, Jocasta came to understand the whole truth and tried to stop Oedipus from knowing it. He did not stop from knowing the truth and got the answers from the old shepherd. He went back to the palace and saw Jocasta in a chamber hanging (Sophocles 77). In response, he took her brooch and blinded himself and set for an eternal exile. Before leaving the city, he left his children under the care of Creon while the Chorus lamented for the tragic fate that came upon their King. Oedipus had shown his strength and highness as he had shown from the start of the play. He was able to save Thebes from the sphinx and its curse by solving the riddles. Oedipus was depicted as strong and intelligent that made him a king quickly. He was also known for being wise as he can make good decisions that earned the trust of the people of Thebes (Ramphos 5). Slowly, the image projected by Oedipus changed as his fate came to his senses. He did not expect that a tragedy would approach him as he was all high and mighty being the king of Thebes. He was viewed as a savior and a hero who happened to free the people from curse. His downturn as a character was shown with his hasty decisions and actions when he got the first answer regarding the solution to the plague. It showed his swiftness in action, but that time depicted his weakness as he accused Creon of paying the blind prophet Teiresias for condemning Oedipus as the source of the plague. It seemed

Company (McCormick) Essay Example for Free

Company (McCormick) Essay â€Å"Since 1889, McCormick has been the Company (McCormick) to turn to for flavor expertise. Today the world relies on their prized consumer brands, trusted ingredients and culinary know-how. McCormick is a global leader in the manufacture, marketing and distribution of spices, seasonings and flavors to the entire food industry. Customers range from retail outlets and food manufacturers to food service businesses.† The McCormick Company was started in Baltimore, in one room and a cellar by 25-year-old Willoughby M. McCormick. McCormick’s first products were root beer, flavoring extracts, and fruit syrups and juices, sold under Bee Brand and Silver Medal trademarks; Iron Glue (Sticks Everything But the Buyer) and Uncle Sams Nerve and Bone Liniment (For Man Or Beast). Products were sold door-to-door and the motto was Make the Best Someone Will Buy It. In 1896 McCormick bought F. G. Emmett Spice Company of Philadelphia. All machinery was shipped to Baltimore, as the firm prepared to enter the spice field. In the 1900’s its export office opened in New York City, products were shipped to South and Central America, South Africa, East and West Indies, and Europe. The Banquet Brand was established for spices and mustard and they incorporated in Maine, and the firm now enjoyed a wide good standing reputation as manufacturing chemist, drug spice millers, importers and exporters. The company suffered a great loss of all material assets and records in the Great Baltimore Fire, but within 10 months, a new five-story building was erected on the old site. McCormick added Bee Brand Tea to the product line and became one of the first manufacturers of tea in gauze pouches, thereby introducing tea bags. In the summer of 1912, Charles P. McCormick began working as shipping department clerk and in 1925 he was elected to the Board of Directors. On November 4, 1093 the founder Willoughby McCormick died, thereby leaving 36-year-old C. P. McCormick as elected President and Chairman of the Board. Faced with the serious crisis of the Depression, he quickly implemented a new business philosophy called Multiple Management. A Junior Board of Directors was established. Though out the early 1900’s many business of the like were acquired and the McCormick’s target market was broadened. In 1970 Charles P. McCormick died of a heart attack and Harry K. Wells became Chief Executive Officer on December 1 following John N. Curletts retirement from the Company. Mr. Curlett remained Chairman of the Board. Just as in the early portion of the 19th century McCromi 1972 The Company entered a joint venture with Promociones y Commisiones, S.A. of the Republic of Mexico, purchased from the John Kraft Sesame Corporation of Paris, Tex. The venture was renamed Sesame Products, Inc. Industrial Flavor Group is established to encompass activities of Industrial Flavor Division (formerly Industrial Products Division), Botanicus Pte. Ltd., and Sesame Products, Inc. 1974 Acquired Golden West Foods, Inc., of Gilroy, Calif., to manufacture and distribute frozen food products. The Company entered the frozen foods field under the Schilling label with frozen sour dough breads at the retail level and with food service products. 1975 Acquired All Portions, Inc., for $4.5 million, which manufactures portion-control packets of condiments, with plants in San Fernando, Calif., Indianapolis, Ind., and Atlanta, Ga. The two major retail units of the Company the McCormick Division in the east and the Schilling Division in the West, were consolidated to form a new Grocery Products Division, headquartered in Baltimore. The Management Services Division was established to provide improved information services to all units. 1976 Chicago-based TV Time Foods, Inc., producer of popcorn products, was purchased for $3.75 million as a wholly owned subsidiary. 1977 Harry K. Wells elected Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer. John N. Curlett named Chairman Emeritus. Astro Foods, Inc., of San Rafael, Calif., producer of specialty frozen food products for airlines and restaurants, was purchased for $325,000 as a wholly owned subsidiary. 1979 $3.5 million plant in Bedford, Va., opened for production of frozen onion rings by Golden West Foods. Gilroy Foods dedicated solar energy project to be used for dehydration of onions and garlic. Han-Dee Pak, Inc., a portion-control manufacturer in Atlanta, Ga., was purchased for $6 million and became a subsidiary. Harry K. Wells was elected Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, and Hillsman V. Wilson was elected President and Chief Operating Officer. Sandoz, Ltd., a Swiss pharmaceutical firm, announced its intentions to buy the entire company in October 1979. McCormick supplies spices, herbs, extracts, seasoning blends, sauces, marinades and specialty foods to an assortment of retail outlets such as grocery, mass merchandise, warehouse clubs, discount and drug stores. In the U.S. their principal brands include McCormick ®, Lawry’s ®, Zatarain’s ®, Thai Kitchen ®, Simply Asia ® and El Guapo ®. In Canada their brands are Club House ® and Billy Bee ®, in the U.K. it’s Schwartz ® and in France it’s Ducros ® and Vahine ®. In other markets, including Australia and China, the McCormick brand is primarily used. Consumers can find thier products in nearly 100 countries around the world. To drive thier consumer business we are developing innovative products, increasing marketing effectiveness, expanding distribution and acquiring leading brands and niche products. The industrial business supplies products to many of the world’s top food manufacturers and food service businesses from locations primarily in North America, Europe and the Asia/Pacific region. Products include seasoning blends, natural spices and herbs, wet flavors, coating systems and compound flavors. While the McCormick name may not be on the package or menu, we add great taste to a wide range of packaged food including snacks, savory side dishes and cereals, as well as restaurant items that include sandwich sauces, chicken coatings and bread toppings. To grow our industrial business we are supporting the global expansion of customers, building current and new strategic partnerships and developing consumer-preferred, value-added products. With a solid balance sheet and strong cash flow, McCormick has paid dividends every year since 1925 and increased its dividend per share in each of the last 24 years. Effective strategies, our Multiple Management philosophy and a great team of employees are key ingredients behind our financial performance and increased shareholder value. Retail outlets, food manufacturers and food service businesses they all depend on their spices, seasonings and flavorings. McCormick is so prevalent throughout the food industry that its very likely you enjoy the taste of McCormick every day. McCormick employees conduct business under the leadership of their Chief Executive Officer who is subject to the oversight and direction of a Board of Directors. We are open and honest in business dealings both inside and outside the Company. We serve our customers, consumers, suppliers and communities in accordance with the highest standards of business ethics.

Holistic care, Holistic therapies and nursing.

Holistic care, Holistic therapies and nursing. Holistic care refers to addressing all aspects of the person including body, mind, and spirit . A holistic approach links mainstream medical treatments with both traditional and emotional health. Holistic medicine is a part of health care which maintains a cooperative relationship among all those involved, which leads to optimal satisfaction of the physical, mental, emotional, social and spiritual aspects of health. It highlights the necessity to view the person as a whole and that includes analysis of physical, nutritional, environmental, emotional, social, spiritual and lifestyle values. Holistic therapies also referred to as complimentary therapies have been long-standing practices in nursing and act as an appendage to traditional medical and nursing therapies.   They include massage theraphy, nutritional therapy and hydrotherapy.  Ã‚  Nurses have combined touch care, as well as Reiki, a mix of both energy work and touch, into practice. Concern for providing more effective pain and chronic disease management has led many health care institutions to offer nutritional therapy, yoga,meditation, spiritual learning and mind-body programs for disease management.  Ã‚  Nurses are working alongside a hierarchy of providers from medical specialists, massage therapists, acupuncturists and behavioral psychologists.   Holistic nursing is a way of thinking, reflecting, practicing, and being as a whole human being. Holistic nursing care practice requires nurses to integrate self-care, self-responsibility, spirituality, and emotional wellbeing. This may resut in greater awareness of the inter-connectivity with self, family friends, environment, and god. This awareness may further improve the nurses understanding of all individuals and their relationships to the human and outside world, and permits nurses to use this awareness to facilitate the healing process. Holistic nursing includes all nursing practice that has enhancement of healing of the whole person from birth to death as its goal. Holistic nursing recognizes that there are two views regarding holism: that holism involves identifying the interrelationships of the person, recognizing that the whole is greater than the sum of the individuals; and that it involves understanding the individual as a unit mutually inclusive with the environment. Every individual case has a patient at its centre.The patient lives within a social,psychological,economic and relational environment.The major factors which influences the patient are pychological,emotional,financial,legal,scientific,educational and religious as below. Rationale and Case Study Having discussed the different approaches to patient care, the important aspects of nursing management, and the various theoretical models of patient management, we move on to considering the appropriate nursing approach for a an Italian woman 92 years diagnosed with Dementia bipolar, diabetes type 2, epilepsy having problems of eating disorder.She has no much educational background , married in 1941at the age of 25, came to UK in 1965. She has a daughter and a son with 4 grand children. Demography epidemiology Bipolar disorder and  dementia  are two conditions that often go hand in hand. The risk of developing depressive and manic episodes was increased in patients with dementia. Both disorders have a multidimensional nature. Mood and cognition are considered the core problems in bipolar disorder and Dementia, respectively. However, in recent years, more relay has been given to the behavioral features of Dementia, which are often difficult to manage than cognitive impairment. Thus, in addition to such mood symptoms as euphoria, lability, irritability, anxiety, and dysphoria, recent studies have reported the following behavioral signs in Dementia: agitation, overactivity, aggression, apathy, affective lability,euphoria, disinhibition, impaired self-regulation, and psychosis. Moreover, patients with dementia often have problems with money management, spendthrift or donating money to strangers. Most consider signs and symptoms of mania in AD(Alzheimer disease) as secondary to its neurodegenerative processs  but mood symptoms may also be central and can reflect exacerbations from previous temperament. We emphasize that altered mood symptoms clearly affect perception of real situations and cognition thinking.It has been reported that deterioration in bipolar disorder is associated with mixed episodes and rapid cycling, which often tends to be the clinical presentation of dementia.[    Pathophysiology In neuroanatomical studies, alterations in the hippocampus have been reported in both disorders, with more obvious degeneration in AD. Perhaps the most striking difference between both disorders is that the disease process in AD occurs when the brain is much more vulnerable due to aging. Excessive glutamatergic activity is possibly central to both disorders, as shown by the benefits from drugs that either inhibit glutamate release or block glutamate receptors (eg, topiramate ) including acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Cortisol-induced neurotoxicity and dysregulation in the HPA-axis have also been postulated as a central role in the pathophysiological processes in both disease(dementia bipolar) Epidemiology The number of people with dementia is steadily increasing.   Alzheimers Society believes that careful planning is the order of the future to ensure that the right care and support is available. There are currently about 750,000 people in the UK with a form of dementia with over 16,000 people under 65 with dementia in the UK  .One in 14 people over 65 years of age and one in six people over 80 years of age has a form of dementia Prevalence and incidence  Ã‚   When talking about demography it is important to differntiate between prevalence overall cases both old and new, with which dementia occurs in the population, and incidence new cases of dementia in a given time period. The well established prevalence rates for dementia in the UK are: 40-64 years:  1 in 1400 65-69 years:  1 in 100 70-79  years:  1 in 25 80+ years:  1 in 6 (Source : Alzheimers society, UK.) Projected figures   There is a rough estimate that by 2021 there will be one million people with dementia in the UK and Is expected to increase to over 1.7 million people(3% of UK population) with dementia by 2051.   Many people talk about the demographic time bomb or tidal wave of older people, which the state cannot afford to cater for. However the society believes that these reports are misleading.A steady, rather than exponential growth is expected over the next 25 years. The Societys contribution to the Royal Commission on Long Term Care highlights the belief that the state can provide for peoples needs as they age. The National Dementia Strategy in England and similar work underway in Wales and Northern Ireland are very vital steps to ensure the people needs with dementia be properly addressed in years to come. Belief values Core Values of Holistic Nursing The current Standards of Holistic Nursing are based on five Core Values of practice: 1) Holistic Philosophy and Education 2) Holistic Ethics, Theories, and Research 3) Holistic Nurse Self-Care; 4) Holistic Communication, Therapeutic Environment and Cultural Competence 5) Holistic Caring Process. These core values represent the essence of holistic nursing and are each necessary for holistic practice in the management of dementia in older people with comorbidity such as diabetes typeII and epilepsy. Core value 1, addresses that holistic nursing is based on a framework under philosophical guidelines embracing holism and a commitment to education, reflection, and knowledge. Core value 2, reiterates that professional nursing is less effective in theory, informed by research and bound by ethical guidelines to guide a competent, thoughtful, and principled holistic practice. Core value 3,is based on the belief that nurses must engage in integrating self-care to promote health and self awareness so that the nurse may act as an instrument of healing. Core value 4   addresses the requirement for nurses to engage with clients to promote mutually-determined goals for health and healing. Lastly, Core Value 5, emphasizes an evolution in the nursing practice to embrace assessment and therapeutic care addressing client patterns, problems, and needs in an atmosphere of caring (4). Cultural values and belief Beliefs and practices influenced by culture can affect patient outcome and satisfaction .the increasing cultural diversity may present challenges in trans-cultural ethical decision making for nurses .ethical dilemma may arise from lack of understanding of language, procedures ,expectations and other elements of nature that may lead to unclear decisions.Thus by Incorporating culture assessment into care facilitates better understanding of factors that influence patients health behavior and decisions. Researchers from School of Nursing in Hong kong surveyed nurses in different cultural settings and suggested five broad guiding principles for reviewing ethical perception of cultural values and beliefs: Respect for persons Beneficience Justice Respect for community Contextual caring. The Director and Board of Dementia Voice had, in about 1996, become aware of a developing but uncoordinated interest in the spiritual care of people with dementia. They wanted their statement to affirm a holistic approach, which sees care of the spirit as the essence of, and resulting from, good care practice. They wanted to speak to everyone irrespective of their religious faith. They have therefore used non-religious language with the intention that it is inclusive of both secular and religious understanding. The spirituality of people with dementia, and their families, carers and the professionals who work with them is therefore of the greatest importance. Professional issues The AHNA Standards of Holistic Nursing Practice also referred to as Standards provide guidance for nursing care that meets the intent of the description of holistic nursing a care that has enhancement of healing of the whole person (from birth to death) (4). The Standards grew from an interest in describing holistic nursing, and in articulating the values, skills and knowledge required for its practice. Unlike speciality practice defined by a client group (pediatric nursing) or a disease category (oncology nursing), holistic nursing is practiced by nurses in virtually every area of care. The speciality is based on practice that recognizes the body-mind-spirit connection of persons, and demands its practitioners integrate self-care and self-responsibility into their own lives. In holistic nursing, wellness-illness and health-disease neither mutually exclusive ,nor polar opposite, but are part of the process and the healthcare.Newman and her colleagues identified that proper focus of nursing is caring and described it as whole,unitary and transformatory.Many disciplines claim caring as a part of the profession ,but only nursing has both caring and health as itsgoal. Caring is a constant specific interpersonal process that is characterized by expert nursing practice, interpersonal process, interpersonal sensitivity, and intimate relationships Nurses can focus caring through empowerement in 6 main categories; Respecting the patient Not taking the patients behavior personally Keeping the patient safe Encouraging the patients health Authentic leadership Interactive reading. Professional ethical decisions Nurses are confronted daily with the need to make professional and personal ethical decisions. This process requires an ongoing evaluation and assimilation of information and have formed a five step process of making ethical decision mainly 1. articulating the problem 2. gathering data and identifying conflicting claims of moral values 3. exploring strategies 4. Implementing strategy 5. Evaluating outcome of the action Legal and Ethical Issues Healthcare providers must adhere to the law.All nurses are responsible and accountable to comply with nursing practice act as well as the rule and regulation of the board in the state where they are licensed and work. Supporting a patients right and ability to make choices is an essential element of holistic nursing practice and holistic ethics. Advance medical directives The patient self-determination act, effective December 1991requires that all individuals receiving medical care also receive written informationabout there right to refuse medical or surgical treatment and their right to initiate advance directives.advance directives are instructions that induct healthcare intervention to initiate or withhold or designate someone who will act as a proxy in making a decision in the event the decision making capacity is lost. Advance directives are of two types: Treatment directives(living will) Appointment directives (Power of attorney). A living will specifies the medical treatment that a patient wishes to refuse in the event that he/she is terminally ill and cannot make those decisions.A power of attorney for healthcare appoints a proxy or surrogate to make the medical decisions on behalf of the patient if he/she can no longer make such decisions. Advance medical directive in the form of living will or power of attorney is a cornerstone in proxy management of end stage of Dementia with bipolar disorders as they lose decision making ability. As part of the patient assessment , an holistic nurse may consider asking the, following questions Have you discussed your end of life choices with your family or designated surrogate? Do you have basic information about advanced medical directives? Do you wish to initiate it? If you have already prepared an advance medical directive, can you provide it now? Informed consent As nursing is inherently a moral endeavour,nurses may exacerbate challenges in making the right decision and taking the right action.The process of informed consent of medical and other treatment provides the opportunity for the patient to choose a course of action regarding healthcare plans. An informal consent must include the following: The nature of health cancerns and prognosis if nothing is done Description of all treatment options Benefits, risks an consequences of various treatment a options including non-intervention. Holistic nurses who offer alternate modalities should explain the int.., and disease risks, expected effects and benefits and treatment options prior to initiating theraphy. Informed consent in research refers to freely choosing to participate in a research study after the research purpose ,commitment ,risks and benefits, anonymity and invasion of privacy.Nurses who assist with research need to be familiar with elements of informe consent.A particular area of concern is protection of human rights, in research studies focus on vulnerable population such as elderly, challenged, pregnant, disabled persons and terminally ill. Thus Informed consent plays a vital role in development of novel research methodologies and an holistic nurse should follow the above mentioned guidelines in getting an informed consent from the patient. Nurses are accountable to professional stanards, for reporting research findings. An important consideration in this regard is the ethical treatment of data which demonstrates the integrity of research protocols and honesty in reporting data Policy Three major policy face holistic nursing in the future: Reimbursement Regulation Access Access There are many barriers to the access of holistic therapies providing yet another challenges for holistic nursing.They include: Lack of awareness Uncertainity about their effectiveness Inability to pay for them Limited availability of qualified providers. Access is normally difficult for rural population, uninsured, racial and ethnic minorities and vulnerable population such as elderly and terminally ill.Holistic nursing have a responsibility to educate the public more fully about health promoters,completely moderate to assist people in making informal chance among healthcare alternatives and individual providers They need to ensure quality, increased focus on wellness and access and affordability to all. Reimbursement Public or private policies in relation to coverage and reimbursement for healthcare expenditure play a crucial role in shaping the healthcare system and in deciding the future of health promotion and holistic medicine in the nations healthcare system.holistic nurses need to work with Medicare and other third party payers,insurance groups,oards of nursing,healthcare policy makers to ensure that holistic nurses are reimbursed appropriately for services rendered. Regulation Thus by developing theoretical and empirical knowledge as well as caring and healing approaches ,holistic nurses will advance holistic nursing practice and education and contribute significantly to the formalization and credibility of this work and in integrating a more holistic approach in nursing practice and health care. Access to an informed care and reimbursement for hospice care is the requirement in the elderly patients with late stage onset dementia as the patient is terminally ill. Resources In caring for individuals, those who have negative health beliefs and attitude, an effective resource and perhaps a strategy would be to develop a social support network. The social support network of the patient can strengthen and facilitate healthy patient choices. Cognitive strengthening through training in assertiveness, relation, imagery, problem solving, good s coping skills. Patient interaction with community agencies and self-help group may also be appropriate. Encouraging involvement of family an friends with recommended theraphy or value clarification session increase and strengthen social support. Because Alzheimers disease is  incurable  and progressive, most holistic treatments focus on enhancing the persons quality of life; for example, some might suggest using memory books and other strategies to reduce the impact of  symptoms. A Florida State University researcher found memory books, which might include notes, photos and other keepsakes, can help reconnect Alzheimers indiviuals with their loved ones. Although the research on holistic approaches remains limited, it suggests everything from pet therapy to art therapy can improve quality of life for those with Alzheimers. A 2006 study, for example, reported older people with  dementia  showed less  agitation  and had more positive social interactions when they interacted with an animal daily; however, the duration of the benefit was not established, nor was it proven that an animal living with the individuals had more impact than a visiting animal. A holistic approach can also include the use of herbs and supplements, such as  Ginkgo biloba  and  omega-3 fatty acids. Conclusion In this study, we reflect back at the various holistic goals set to provide care for an Italian woman 92 years diagnosed with Dementia bipolar, diabetes type 2, epilepsy having problems of eating disorder.She has no much educational background , married in 1941at the age of 25, came to UK in 1965. She has a daughter and a son with 4 grand children. Based on the projected figures it is estimated that by 2021 there will be one million people with dementia in the UK with expected to rise to over 1.7 million people with dementia by 2051.  This is often referred to as a demographic tidal bomb. There has been a developing but uncoordinated interest in the spiritual care of people with dementia.Thus the spirituality of people with dementia, and their families, carers and the professionals who work with them is therefore of the greatest importance in an holistic care towards dementia. Advance medical directive in the form of living will or power of attorney is a cornerstone in proxy management of end stage of Dementia with bipolar disorders as they lose decision making ability. Informed consent also plays a role in development of novel research methodologies and an holistic nurse should follow the above mentioned guidelines in getting an informed consent from the patient. As alzheimers disease is  incurable  and progressive, most holistic treatments focus on enhancing the persons quality of life by using memory books, which might include notes, photos and other keepsakes which can help reconnect Alzheimers indiviuals with their loved ones. Access to an informed care and reimbursement for hospice care is the requirement in the above case study as the patient is terminally ill belonging to an ethnic minority. Thus holistic nursing needs to ensure quality, increased focus on wellness and access and affordability to all.